Introduction
Hello everyone, I am Dr. Vaishali Chaudhary, heading the Department of Fertility and IVF at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospital in Pune. Today, I am going to talk about a condition called varicocele. This condition is often mentioned, especially when there are male factors contributing to infertility and we are trying to find reasons for low sperm count or reduced sperm production.
What is Varicocele?
Varicocele refers to the enlargement of veins within the scrotum, the loose bag of skin that holds your testicles. There is a network of veins called the pampiniform plexus in this area, responsible for draining blood from the testicles to the larger veins inside the abdomen and ultimately to the heart. When these veins become enlarged and blood pools in this area, it leads to varicocele. This is similar to varicose veins that occur in the legs.
How Does Varicocele Affect Fertility?
The testicles are outside the body to maintain a temperature slightly lower than the body’s core temperature, which is essential for sperm production. A varicocele causes blood to pool in the scrotum, raising the temperature in the testicular area. Since sperm production is highly sensitive to temperature changes, increased warmth due to pooled blood can negatively impact sperm production, leading to reduced sperm count and quality.
Symptoms of Varicocele
Varicocele often has no noticeable symptoms and might not be detected without a proper examination. Sometimes, an enlarged vein can be felt during a physical exam, especially if the condition is severe. The diagnosis is typically confirmed through a scrotal ultrasound (sonography). Varicocele can be classified into mild, moderate, or severe categories based on its severity observed in the ultrasound.
Treatment Options
Treatment is usually recommended if varicocele is causing significant fertility problems or discomfort. The primary treatment options include:
Varicocelectomy: A surgical procedure where the enlarged veins are cut off to redirect blood flow to normal veins.
Embolization: A minimally invasive procedure where a small coil or solution is inserted into the vein to block blood flow to the varicocele.
A surgeon or urologist usually performs these procedures and can help improve fertility in some men, though not always.
Conclusion
If you suspect that you have varicocele or if you are experiencing infertility issues, it is crucial to consult a fertility specialist. They can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend the best course of action. For any further queries or to seek a second opinion, please feel free to contact us. We are here to help.
