Introduction
Hello everyone, I am Dr. Sneha Deshpande, a Senior Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Mom Story by Sahyadri Hospital, Nagar Road. Today, we will discuss second-trimester miscarriages. Understanding the causes and prevention strategies can help expectant mothers manage their pregnancies better and reduce the risk of complications.
What is a Second Trimester Miscarriage?
The second trimester of pregnancy spans from the 12th week to the 24th week. A miscarriage during this period is known as a second-trimester miscarriage. Let’s explore the reasons behind such miscarriages and the steps that can be taken to prevent them.
Causes of Second Trimester Miscarriage
Cervical Incompetence: One of the most common causes of second-trimester miscarriages is cervical incompetence. This condition occurs when the cervix is weak and cannot hold the pregnancy, leading to spontaneous abortion.
Uterine Abnormalities: Another significant cause is the abnormal shape of the uterus. Sometimes, the uterine cavity is not conducive to sustaining a growing pregnancy, or fibroids and polyps in the uterus can lead to miscarriage.
Infections: Infections, whether pelvic, vaginal, or systemic, can also be a leading cause of second-trimester miscarriages. High-grade fever, high white blood cell count, or low platelet count due to infections may result in pregnancy loss.
Medical Disorders: Certain medical conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid disorders, can increase the risk of miscarriage during the second trimester.
Nutritional Deficiencies: Poor nutrition, particularly low haemoglobin levels or low vitamin B12, can also contribute to the risk of miscarriage.
Prevention of Second Trimester Miscarriages
Treat Infections: If an infection is identified as the cause, it is essential to treat it with appropriate antibiotics or antifungal medications before planning another pregnancy.
Address Uterine Abnormalities: Abnormal uterine shapes can be diagnosed using 3D ultrasound or hysteroscopy. If any abnormalities are detected, corrective surgery may be required to improve the chances of a successful pregnancy.
Manage Cervical Incompetence: If the cervix is short or incompetent, treatment options such as progesterone support, bed rest, or cervical cerclage (a surgical procedure to close the cervix) may be recommended.
Nutritional Support: Ensuring proper nutrition, including maintaining adequate haemoglobin and vitamin B12 levels, is crucial for reducing the risk of miscarriage.
Conclusion
Understanding the causes of second-trimester miscarriages is vital for prevention and successful pregnancy outcomes. If you have experienced a miscarriage during the second trimester or have concerns about your pregnancy, please consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment options.
