Understanding Ovarian Cysts: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Introduction

Hello everybody, I am Dr. Sneha Deshpande, working as a Senior Consultant at Mom Story by Sahyadri Hospital, Shastrinagar, Pune. Today, we will discuss ovarian cysts, their symptoms, and how we diagnose them.

Understanding the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system mainly consists of the uterus, fallopian tubes on both sides, and ovaries. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs or pockets within or on the surface of an ovary.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts

Most ovarian cysts present without any symptoms. Often, they are discovered during a routine health check-up or when a sonography is done for abdominal pain. However, not all cysts are problematic. Here are some symptoms to be aware of:

Pain: The pain may vary in frequency and intensity throughout the month. It might be sharp and occur only during periods, or it may be a constant dull ache. In cases where the cyst twists (torsion), the pain can be severe and accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Bloating: A persistent feeling of fullness or bloating in the abdomen.

Urinary Issues: If the cyst presses on the urinary bladder, it can cause frequent urination or pain while passing urine.

Menstrual Changes: There might be changes in the menstrual cycle, such as heavy bleeding or irregular periods.

Infertility: If you are planning a pregnancy and have difficulty conceiving, an ovarian cyst could be a possible reason.

Emergency Situations: If a cyst undergoes torsion, it becomes a medical emergency as the blood supply to the ovary can suddenly cut off, causing severe pain, fainting, or dizziness. Emergency surgery is advised in such cases.

Diagnosing Ovarian Cysts

Ultrasound: An ultrasound is the primary tool for detecting ovarian cysts. It helps in understanding the type and details of the cyst.

Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS): This internal ultrasound provides more detailed images of the cysts.

CT Scan or MRI: These imaging tests may be advised if the cyst is complicated.

Blood Tests: Tumor markers such as CA-125, LDH, CEA, Alpha-Fetoprotein, and Beta-hCG are sometimes recommended to further evaluate the nature of the cyst.

Conclusion

For more detailed information or if you have any concerns about ovarian cysts, please call us on 8888822222.