Ultrasound Scans During Pregnancy – A Complete Guide

Introduction

Hi, I’m Dr. Mini Salunkhe, Head of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Momstory Sahyadri Hospital, Hadapsar. A common question among expectant mothers is: How many scans are needed during pregnancy? Are these scans safe? Let’s dive into this topic for clarity.

How Many Ultrasound Scans Are Performed During Pregnancy?

On average, 4 to 5 ultrasound scans are conducted from the beginning of pregnancy to delivery. These scans, also known as sonographies, are essential for monitoring fetal health and are completely safe. Unlike X-rays or CT scans, ultrasounds do not emit harmful radiation, making them safe even for high-risk pregnancies.

A Timeline of Essential Scans

1. Dating Scan (6–8 Weeks)
   • Purpose: Confirms the pregnancy, detects the fetal pole, and verifies the baby’s heartbeat.
   • Outcome: Determines the Expected Date of Delivery (EDD) based on the scan and menstrual history.
   • Importance: Vital for women with irregular periods to establish an accurate due date.
2. Nuchal Translucency (NT) Scan (11–13 Weeks)
   • Purpose: Detects Down Syndrome and other genetic abnormalities.
   • Focus: Measures fetal neck thickness, nasal bone development, and other soft markers.
   • Importance: This scan is crucial for identifying any genetic risks early on.
3. Anomaly Scan (18–20 Weeks)
   • Also Known As: TIFFA Scan (Targeted Imaging for Fetal Anomalies)
   • Purpose: Evaluates the baby’s organs, bones, joints, and spine development.
   • Importance: Checks placental location and overall structural development of the fetus.
4. Fetal Echocardiography (22–24 Weeks)
   • Purpose: Comprehensive structural and functional examination of the baby’s heart.
   • Importance: Identifies any minor or major heart issues that need monitoring or intervention.
5. Growth and Doppler Scans (After 28 Weeks)
   • Purpose: Assesses baby’s growth, amniotic fluid levels, and placental blood flow.
   • Importance: Crucial for monitoring fetal well-being, especially in high-risk pregnancies.

Safety of Ultrasound Scans

Ultrasound scans use sound waves to create images, ensuring zero harmful effects on the baby or mother. For high-risk pregnancies, additional scans may be recommended to monitor fetal growth and placental efficiency.

High-Risk Pregnancies and Additional Scans

Certain conditions like gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, or fetal growth restriction require closer monitoring. In such cases, scans may be scheduled every 2–4 weeks to decide the best time for delivery and ensure fetal safety.

Conclusion

Every pregnancy is unique, and the number of scans required depends on your health and your baby’s condition. Trust your obstetrician to guide you through the necessary scans for a safe and healthy delivery.
Ultrasounds are a valuable tool for ensuring the health and safety of both mother and baby. Stay informed and consult your doctor for a personalized scan schedule.