Preconception Counseling: Why It’s Crucial for a Healthy Pregnancy

Hello everyone, I am Dr. Sneha Deshpande, Senior Consultant at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospitals, Nagar Road. Today, we’ll be discussing the important topic of preconception and preconception counseling.

What is Preconception and Why is Preconception Counseling Important?

Preconception is the phase when you’re planning for a pregnancy. It’s a critical period where counseling can provide both you and your gynecologist the opportunity to plan your pregnancy effectively. Preconception counseling is essential as it allows for the identification and correction of any medical or physical conditions, increasing the chances of a healthy pregnancy.

Key Aspects of Preconception Counseling

During preconception counseling, we typically perform a detailed physical and medical examination. Let’s break down the key steps involved:

1. Body Mass Index (BMI):
   An ideal BMI for pregnancy is between 18.5 and 22.5. A healthy BMI increases the likelihood of a successful pregnancy outcome.
2. Nutritional Status:
   This is the time to improve your diet and physical activity. Many women begin pregnancy with nutrient deficiencies, such as low hemoglobin levels. We provide guidance on diet, supplements like B12, and vitamin D3, which play vital roles during pregnancy.
3. Managing Medical Conditions:
   If you have conditions like hypertension, diabetes, or thyroid imbalances, it’s important to address these before pregnancy. For example, women with high blood sugar levels (HbA1c over 7) have an increased risk of fetal abnormalities. Adjusting medications or diet before conception can significantly improve outcomes.
4. Fertility Awareness:
   Understanding your menstrual cycle and fertile periods can help in better planning. We also address lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol, and drug use, as these increase the risk of miscarriage.
5. Folic Acid Supplements:
   Folic acid (vitamin B9) is crucial for brain and neural development. We recommend starting folic acid supplements at least three months before conception.
6. Blood Tests:
   Several tests are advised before pregnancy, including blood group, complete blood count (CBC), thyroid levels, and tests for vitamin D3 and B12 levels. We also check for Rubella immunity, as catching Rubella during pregnancy can lead to serious fetal abnormalities. If you’re not immune, a Rubella vaccine can be given before pregnancy.
7. Thalassemia Screening:
   Thalassemia is a blood disorder that may require frequent blood transfusions. If you’re a carrier, we recommend screening your partner as well to assess the risks for your baby.

Conclusion

Preconception counseling is an opportunity to address any medical concerns, improve your nutritional status, and ensure you’re in the best health before pregnancy.