Chikungunya in Children: Symptoms, Complications, and Early Care

Introduction

Chikungunya, once considered a mild illness, has recently emerged as a growing concern in children across Pune and Maharashtra. With rising cases resembling an epidemic, this mosquito-borne viral infection can lead to severe complications if not detected early.

Dr. Sagar Lad, Pediatric Intensive Care Specialist at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospitals, highlights the need for timely diagnosis and medical attention to prevent chikungunya from becoming life-threatening.

What is Chikungunya?

Chikungunya is a viral infection caused by the Chikungunya virus, transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito — the same mosquito responsible for spreading dengue.

These mosquitoes breed in stagnant water and are most active during early evening and nighttime. The recent heavy rains and waterlogging in Pune and other areas have created ideal conditions for mosquito breeding, leading to a spike in chikungunya cases.

Symptoms of Chikungunya in Children

While chikungunya was once known mainly for joint pain, it now presents with a range of severe symptoms in children, such as:

• High-grade fever

• Skin rashes

• Swelling of hands and legs

• Excessive sleepiness or lethargy

• Vomiting and loose motions

• Seizures or convulsions in severe cases

Some children also develop complications involving the liver or brain, which can make the illness critical if left untreated.

Why Is Chikungunya Becoming More Severe?

According to Dr. Sagar Lad, the chikungunya virus has become more virulent — meaning its ability to cause disease has increased.
This enhanced virulence allows the virus to affect multiple organs such as the brain, liver, and blood cells, leading to complications like:

• Low platelet count

• Reduced white blood cell count (WBC)

• Brain inflammation causing seizures or unconsciousness

• Liver damage or even liver failure in extreme cases

Diagnosis: How Is Chikungunya Detected?

If your child shows symptoms like high fever and rashes, do not wait at home — seek immediate medical help from a child specialist in Pune.

The diagnosis involves:

1. Blood Tests: To check WBC and platelet levels.

2. Confirmatory Tests:

   • Chikungunya PCR Test – detects the virus early and provides accurate results.

   • Chikungunya IgM Test – usually becomes positive after 3–4 days of infection.

The PCR test is considered the gold standard for early chikungunya detection.

Treatment for Chikungunya in Children

There is no specific antiviral treatment for chikungunya. Management focuses on supportive care, which includes:

• Adequate hydration and fluids

• Medications to control vomiting and fever

• Continuous monitoring of blood pressure and urine output

• Observation for complications like liver or brain involvement

Hospitalization is necessary if the child develops severe symptoms or complications.

Chikungunya vs. Dengue: Understanding the Difference

Chikungunya is now behaving similarly to dengue — with overlapping symptoms and potential for severe complications. However, chikungunya often causes more joint pain and prolonged weakness, whereas dengue is more associated with bleeding tendencies and fluid leakage.

Both require early detection and supportive management by an experienced pediatrician in Pune.

Real Cases at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospitals

Dr. Sagar Lad shares that at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospitals, Nagar Road, Pune, several critical chikungunya cases have been successfully treated.

• A 6-month-old infant developed seizures due to brain infection caused by the virus — a rare presentation that required intensive care.

• Another child experienced severe liver damage, almost requiring a liver transplant.
  These real-life cases highlight how unpredictable and dangerous chikungunya can become in children.

Prevention Tips for Parents

To protect your child from chikungunya and other mosquito-borne infections:

• Avoid water stagnation near your home.

• Use mosquito repellents and nets.

• Dress your child in full-sleeved clothes.

• Keep windows and doors closed during peak mosquito hours (evening to night).

• Seek medical advice promptly if your child develops a fever.

When to See a Doctor

If your child has a high fever with rash, or shows unusual tiredness, vomiting, or swelling, consult a pediatrician in Pune immediately. Early detection can prevent severe complications.

Dr. Sagar Lad and his team at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospitals are equipped with advanced diagnostic and intensive care facilities to manage chikungunya and other infectious diseases in children.

Conclusion

Chikungunya, though preventable, can turn serious in children if ignored. Early recognition, proper diagnosis, and timely treatment under the guidance of the best pediatric hospital in Pune can ensure quick recovery and prevent complications.

If you suspect chikungunya or have concerns about your child’s health, visit Momstory by Sahyadri Hospitals, Nagar Road, or contact our child specialist in Pune for expert care.