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Introduction
Hello parents, my name is Dr. Ganesh Badge, a Pediatric Intensivist and Consultant at Momstory by Sahyadri Hospital, Hadapsar, Pune. Today, I am discussing a crucial topic: caring for children with leukemia. Leukemia is a type of blood cancer, specifically affecting white blood cells, which are produced in the bone marrow and circulate throughout the body. It is the most common blood cancer found in children, with two main types: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).
What Causes Leukemia?
The exact cause of leukemia is not yet fully understood. It is important to note that parents are not at fault, and leukemia is not caused by any food or external factors. However, some genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome or Fanconi syndrome, can increase the risk of leukemia in children.
Prognosis and Treatment
The prognosis for leukemia has significantly improved over the past decade due to pediatric oncologists’ research and hard work. If treated properly, leukemia has a success rate of over 90%. The treatment duration is around 2 to 3 years, starting with chemotherapy in the hospital. After the initial phase, treatment can be continued at home with oral medications under the supervision of your pediatric oncologist. Regular follow-ups every 2-3 weeks are essential during this period.
Importance of Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is the most effective treatment for leukemia. It’s important to avoid alternative treatments, such as Ayurvedic medicine, during chemotherapy, as they may cause complications. Only chemotherapy, under the guidance of pediatric oncologists, is recommended for treating leukemia.
Care During Chemotherapy
Leukemia treatment requires intensive care, especially during chemotherapy. A central line is often inserted for sampling and administering chemotherapy. This helps maximize the treatment’s benefits.
Since a child’s immunity is low during treatment, they are highly vulnerable to infections. Oral care is critical, as the mouth can harbor bacteria. Brushing with a soft toothbrush and gargling with chlorhexidine are essential.
Nutrition
A healthy diet is vital. Ensure your child consumes well-cooked food. If offering fruits, choose those that can be peeled to avoid contamination. Maintaining good hygiene is crucial for preventing infections.
Managing Constipation and Hygiene
Constipation should be avoided, and children should take sitz baths 2-3 times daily to prevent infections in sensitive areas.
Vaccination After Treatment
Once treatment is complete, vaccinations can be resumed after consulting with your pediatric oncologist, usually after 2-6 months. Family members and siblings should also be fully vaccinated, except for oral polio vaccines.
Fever Management
Fever is a significant concern during leukemia treatment, as it may indicate a serious condition known as febrile neutropenia. If your child develops a fever, seek medical attention immediately, as it is considered a medical emergency. Blood cultures and antibiotics may be required within an hour of the fever onset.
Conclusion
Leukemia is treatable, and success rates are high with proper care and timely treatment. Don’t hesitate to consult a pediatric oncologist and begin treatment. If you have any questions or concerns, feel free to reach out. Thank you.
